--- title: Haggai 1:9 (JPS 1917) — Why? saith the LORD of hosts. · tree and pragmatics description: Why? saith the LORD of hosts. Who acts: LORD. Haggai 1:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Haggai](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG/1/) / [1:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG.1.9/) / JPS 2 # Haggai 1:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 3 Why? saith the LORD of hosts. **Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** say · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Haggai 1:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:HAG:9 # text = Why? saith the LORD of hosts. 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod _ _ 2 ? ? PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ 3 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 8 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=ask, form=wh, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} פָּנֹ֤ה אֶל־הַרְבֵּה֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה לִמְעָ֔ט וַהֲבֵאתֶ֥ם הַבַּ֖יִת וְנָפַ֣חְתִּי ב֑וֹ יַ֣עַן מֶ֗ה נְאֻם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת יַ֗עַן בֵּיתִי֙ אֲשֶׁר־ה֣וּא חָרֵ֔ב וְאַתֶּ֥ם רָצִ֖ים אִ֥ישׁ לְבֵיתֽוֹ׃ [Haggai 1:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG.1.9/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. [Ye looked for much, and, lo, it came to little; and when ye brought it home, I did blow upon it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.8/) 2. **Why? saith the LORD of hosts.** 3. [Because of My house that lieth waste, while ye run every man for his own house.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.10/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HAG:9` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Haggai 1:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.8/) - next →: [Haggai 1:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HAG.10/) - ↑ back to [Haggai 1:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HAG.1.9/)