---
title: Hosea 7:16 (JPS 1917) — They return, but not upwards; they are become like a deceitful bow;… · tree and pragmatics
description: They return, but not upwards; they are become like a deceitful bow; their princes shall fall by the sword for the rage of their tongue; this shall be their derision in the land of Egypt. Who acts: hairs, princes, this, tongue. Hosea 7:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Hosea 7:16 · JPS 1917

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They return, but not upwards; they are become like a deceitful bow; their princes shall fall by the sword for the rage of their tongue; this shall be their derision in the land of Egypt.

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**Who acts:** hairs, princes, this, tongue · **What happens:** return, become, fall, be, rage · **To what, where:** hairs, derision, land

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This is Hosea 7:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hairs, princes, this, tongue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HOS:102
# text = They return, but not upwards; they are become like a deceitful bow; their princes shall fall by the sword for the rage of their tongue; this shall be their derision in the land of Egypt.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	return	return	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	upwards	upwards	ADV	RB	_	2	conj	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	deceitful	deceitful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	bow	bow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	rage	rage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
30	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	34	nsubj	_	_
31	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
32	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	cop	_	_
33	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	derision	derision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | present | hairs *= hair* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **become** | present · passive |  | hairs *= hair* |  |  |  | like a deceitful bow | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 3 | **fall** | shall | hairs's princes |  |  |  |  | by the sword; for the rage of hairs's tongue | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by sword=Location |
| 4 | **is a** | shall | this | hairs's derision |  | the land of Egypt |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **rage** |  | hairs's tongue |  |  |  |  |  | nom rage «feeling intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
יָשׁ֣וּבוּ ׀ לֹ֣א עָ֗ל הָיוּ֙ כְּקֶ֣שֶׁת רְמִיָּ֔ה יִפְּל֥וּ בַחֶ֛רֶב שָׂרֵיהֶ֖ם מִזַּ֣עַם לְשׁוֹנָ֑ם ז֥וֹ לַעְגָּ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

[Hosea 7:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.7.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HOS:102` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Hosea 7:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.101/)
- next →: [Hosea 8:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.103/)
- ↑ back to [Hosea 7:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.7.16/)