---
title: Hosea 8:3 (JPS 1917) — Israel hath cast off that which is good; the enemy shall pursue him. · tree and pragmatics
description: Israel hath cast off that which is good; the enemy shall pursue him. Who acts: Israel, enemy. Hosea 8:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hosea 8:3 · JPS 1917

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Israel hath cast off that which is good; the enemy shall pursue him.

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**Who acts:** Israel, enemy · **What happens:** cast off, be, pursue · **To what, where:** that, Israel

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This is Hosea 8:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Israel, enemy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HOS:106
# text = Israel hath cast off that which is good; the enemy shall pursue him.
1	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	cast	cast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	obj	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	pursue	pursue	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast off** | present · perfect | Israel | that |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Product |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **pursue** | shall | the enemy | Israel |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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זָנַ֥ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל ט֑וֹב אוֹיֵ֖ב יִרְדְּֽפוֹ׃

[Hosea 8:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.8.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HOS:106` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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