---
title: Hosea 8:14 (JPS 1917) — For Israel hath forgotten his Maker, and builded palaces, and Judah… · tree and pragmatics
description: For Israel hath forgotten his Maker, and builded palaces, and Judah hath multiplied fortified cities; but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour the castles thereof. Who acts: Israel, Judah, I, fire. Hosea 8:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hosea 8:14 · JPS 1917

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For Israel hath forgotten his Maker, and builded palaces, and Judah hath multiplied fortified cities; but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour the castles thereof.

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**Who acts:** Israel, Judah, I, fire · **What happens:** forget, build, multiply, fortify, send, devour · **To what, where:** Maker, palaces, fortified cities, fire, castles

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This is Hosea 8:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Israel, Judah, I, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HOS:118
# text = For Israel hath forgotten his Maker, and builded palaces, and Judah hath multiplied fortified cities; but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour the castles thereof.
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	forgotten	forget	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	Maker	Maker	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	builded	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
10	palaces	palace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	multiplied	multiply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
16	fortified	fortify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	devour	devour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	castles	castle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	_
35	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forget** | present · perfect | Israel | Israel's Maker |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **build** | participle | Israel *not said here* | palaces |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset palace=Product |
| 3 | **multiply** | present · perfect | Judah | fortified cities |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Theme |
| 4 | **fortify** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **send** | future | I | a fire |  |  |  | upon Israel's cities | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme |
| 6 | **devour** | shall | fire | the castles |  |  |  | thereof *property* | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent castle=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֨ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת־עֹשֵׂ֗הוּ וַיִּ֙בֶן֙ הֵֽיכָל֔וֹת וִֽיהוּדָ֕ה הִרְבָּ֖ה עָרִ֣ים בְּצֻר֑וֹת וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי־אֵ֣שׁ בְּעָרָ֔יו וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָ׃ס

[Hosea 8:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.8.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HOS:118` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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