---
title: Hosea 10:9 (JPS 1917) — From the days of Gibeah thou hast sinned, O Israel; there they stood… · tree and pragmatics
description: From the days of Gibeah thou hast sinned, O Israel; there they stood; no battle was to overtake them in Gibeah, nor the children of arrogancy. Who acts: thou, thorn, battle. Hosea 10:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hosea 10:9 · JPS 1917

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From the days of Gibeah thou hast sinned, O Israel; there they stood; no battle was to overtake them in Gibeah, nor the children of arrogancy.

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**Who acts:** thou, thorn, battle · **What happens:** sin, stand, overtake · **To what, where:** thorn, Gibeah

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This is Hosea 10:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, thorn, battle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HOS:147
# text = From the days of Gibeah thou hast sinned, O Israel; there they stood; no battle was to overtake them in Gibeah, nor the children of arrogancy.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Gibeah	Gibeah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nsubj	_	_
7	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	sinned	sin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	11	discourse	_	_
11	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	vocative	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
17	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	18	det	_	_
18	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	overtake	overtake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	parataxis	_	_
22	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Gibeah	Gibeah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	28	cc	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	arrogancy	arrogancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sin** | present · perfect | thou |  |  |  | day | Israel *vocative* | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stand** | past | thorn |  |  | there |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **overtake** | past | no battle nor the children of arrogancy | thorn |  | Gibeah |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
מִימֵי֙ הַגִּבְעָ֔ה חָטָ֖אתָ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל שָׁ֣ם עָמָ֔דוּ לֹֽא־תַשִּׂיגֵ֧ם בַּגִּבְעָ֛ה מִלְחָמָ֖ה עַל־בְּנֵ֥י עַֽלְוָֽה׃

[Hosea 10:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HOS:147` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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