--- title: Hosea 10:14 (JPS 1917) — Therefore shall a tumult arise among thy hosts, and all thy fortress… · tree and pragmatics description: Therefore shall a tumult arise among thy hosts, and all thy fortresses shall be spoiled, as Shalman spoiled Beth-arbel in the day of battle; the mother was dashed in pieces with her children. Who acts: tumult, Shalman. Hosea 10:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.152/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/10/) / [10:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.14/) / JPS 1 # Hosea 10:14 · JPS 1917 Therefore shall a tumult arise among thy hosts, and all thy fortresses shall be spoiled, as Shalman spoiled Beth-arbel in the day of battle; the mother was dashed in pieces with her children. **Who acts:** tumult, Shalman · **What happens:** arise, spoil, dash · **To what, where:** hosts, fortresses, Beth arbel, mother, pieces This is Hosea 10:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tumult, Shalman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:HOS:152 # text = Therefore shall a tumult arise among thy hosts, and all thy fortresses shall be spoiled, as Shalman spoiled Beth-arbel in the day of battle; the mother was dashed in pieces with her children. 1 Therefore therefore ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 2 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 tumult tumult NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 arise arise VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 among among ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 11 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 13 det:predet _ _ 12 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 fortresses fortress NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 15 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 16 aux:pass _ _ 16 spoiled spoil VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 as as SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 19 Shalman Shalman PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 spoiled spoil VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 advcl _ _ 21 Beth Beth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 22 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 23 punct _ _ 23 arbel arbel NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 battle battle NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj:pass _ _ 32 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux:pass _ _ 33 dashed dash VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 parataxis _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 pieces piece NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obl _ _ 36 with with ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **arise** | shall | a tumult | | | thy hosts | | therefore *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among host=Location | | 2 | **spoil** | shall · passive | | thy fortresses | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **spoil** | past | Shalman | Beth arbel | | | day | | tree rules | | 4 | **dash** | past · passive | | the mother | | pieces | | with Shalman's children | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with child=Instrument | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְקָ֣אם שָׁאוֹן֮ בְּעַמֶּךָ֒ וְכָל־מִבְצָרֶ֣יךָ יוּשַּׁ֔ד כְּשֹׁ֧ד שַֽׁלְמַ֛ן בֵּ֥ית אַֽרְבֵ֖אל בֵּ֥ית אַֽרְבֵ֖אל בְּי֣וֹם מִלְחָמָ֑ה אֵ֥ם עַל־בָּנִ֖ים רֻטָּֽשָׁה׃ [Hosea 10:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.14/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HOS:152` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Hosea 10:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.151/) - next →: [Hosea 10:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.153/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 10:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.14/)