--- title: Hosea 4:3 (JPS 1917) — Therefore doth the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein d… · tree and pragmatics description: Therefore doth the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein doth languish, with the beasts of the field, and the fowls of heaven; yea, the fishes of the sea also are taken away. Who acts: land, one. Hosea 4:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.42/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Hosea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS/4/) / [4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.4.3/) / JPS 1 # Hosea 4:3 · JPS 1917 Therefore doth the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein doth languish, with the beasts of the field, and the fowls of heaven; yea, the fishes of the sea also are taken away. **Who acts:** land, one · **What happens:** mourn, dwell, languish, take away · **To what, where:** fishes This is Hosea 4:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:HOS:42 # text = Therefore doth the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein doth languish, with the beasts of the field, and the fowls of heaven; yea, the fishes of the sea also are taken away. 1 Therefore therefore ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 2 doth do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 mourn mourn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 8 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 9 det _ _ 9 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 10 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 11 nsubj _ _ 11 dwelleth dwell VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ _ 12 therein therein ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 13 doth do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 languish languish VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 with with ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 beasts beast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 fowls fowl NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 conj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 heaven heaven NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 29 yea yea INTJ UH _ 38 discourse _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 fishes fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nsubj:pass _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 36 also also ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 37 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 aux:pass _ _ 38 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 parataxis _ _ 39 away away ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mourn** | present · do-support | the land | | | | | therefore *property* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **dwell** | present | every one | | | | | therein *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **languish** | present · do-support | every one | | | | | with the beasts of the field and the fowls of heaven | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **take away** | present · passive | | the fishes of the sea | | | | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} עַל־כֵּ֣ן ׀ תֶּאֱבַ֣ל הָאָ֗רֶץ וְאֻמְלַל֙ כָּל־יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בָּ֔הּ בְּחַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה וּבְע֣וֹף הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְגַם־דְּגֵ֥י הַיָּ֖ם יֵאָסֵֽפוּ׃ [Hosea 4:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.4.3/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HOS:42` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Hosea 4:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.41/) - next →: [Hosea 4:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.43/) - ↑ back to [Hosea 4:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.4.3/)