---
title: Hosea 4:16 (JPS 1917) — For Israel is stubborn like a stubborn heifer; now shall the LORD fe… · tree and pragmatics
description: For Israel is stubborn like a stubborn heifer; now shall the LORD feed them as a lamb in a large place? Who acts: Israel, LORD. Hosea 4:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hosea 4:16 · JPS 1917

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For Israel is stubborn like a stubborn heifer; now shall the LORD feed them as a lamb in a large place?

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**Who acts:** Israel, LORD · **What happens:** be, feed · **To what, where:** harlots, large place

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This is Hosea 4:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Israel, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HOS:55
# text = For Israel is stubborn like a stubborn heifer; now shall the LORD feed them as a lamb in a large place?
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	stubborn	stubborn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	stubborn	stubborn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	heifer	heifer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
10	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
11	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	feed	feed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	lamb	lamb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Israel |  |  |  |  | like a stubborn heifer; stubborn *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **feed** | shall | the LORD | harlots *= harlot* |  | a large place | now | as a lamb | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Value in place=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כִּ֚י כְּפָרָ֣ה סֹֽרֵרָ֔ה סָרַ֖ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עַתָּה֙ יִרְעֵ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה כְּכֶ֖בֶשׂ בַּמֶּרְחָֽב׃

[Hosea 4:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.4.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HOS:55` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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