---
title: Hosea 6:4 (JPS 1917) — O Judah, what shall I do unto thee? for your goodness is as a mornin… · tree and pragmatics
description: O Judah, what shall I do unto thee? for your goodness is as a morning cloud, and as the dew that early passeth away. Who acts: I, goodness. Hosea 6:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hosea 6:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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O Judah, what shall I do unto thee? for your goodness is as a morning cloud, and as the dew that early passeth away.

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**Who acts:** I, goodness · **What happens:** do, be, pass away

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This is Hosea 6:4 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, goodness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HOS:78
# text = O Judah, what shall I do unto thee? for your goodness is as a morning cloud, and as the dew that early passeth away.
1	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	vocative	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	7	obj	_	_
5	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	obl	_	_
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	goodness	goodness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
21	as	as	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	dew	dew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
25	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	26	advmod	_	_
26	passeth	pass	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
27	away	away	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: wh-question
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | shall | I |  |  |  |  | unto thee; Judah *vocative* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is** | present | your goodness |  |  |  |  | as a morning cloud | tree rules |
| 3 | **pass away** | present | your goodness *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as the dew; away, early *property* | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מָ֤ה אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לְּךָ֙ אֶפְרַ֔יִם מָ֥ה אֶעֱשֶׂה־לְּךָ֖ יְהוּדָ֑ה וְחַסְדְּכֶם֙ כַּֽעֲנַן־בֹּ֔קֶר וְכַטַּ֖ל מַשְׁכִּ֥ים הֹלֵֽךְ׃

[Hosea 6:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.6.4/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [O Ephraim, what shall I do unto thee?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.77/)
2. **O Judah, what shall I do unto thee? for your goodness is as a morning cloud, and as the dew that early passeth away.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HOS:78` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Hosea 6:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.77/)
- next →: [Hosea 6:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/HOS.79/)
- ↑ back to [Hosea 6:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.6.4/)