---
title: Hosea 7:7 (JPS 1917) — They are all hot as an oven, and devour their judges; all their king… · tree and pragmatics
description: They are all hot as an oven, and devour their judges; all their kings are fallen, there is none among them that calleth unto Me. Who acts: princes, none. Hosea 7:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hosea 7:7 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are all hot as an oven, and devour their judges; all their kings are fallen, there is none among them that calleth unto Me.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** princes, none · **What happens:** be, devour, fall, call · **To what, where:** judges, kings · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Hosea 7:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princes, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:HOS:93
# text = They are all hot as an oven, and devour their judges; all their kings are fallen, there is none among them that calleth unto Me.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	oven	oven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	devour	devour	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	judges	judge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	16	det:predet	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	21	expl	_	_
21	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
22	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	21	nsubj	_	_
23	among	among	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nmod	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	calleth	call	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
27	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | princes *= prince* |  |  |  |  | as a oven; all, hot *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **devour** | present | princes *= prince* *not said here* | princes's judges |  |  |  |  | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent judge=Patient |
| 3 | **fall** | present · passive |  | princes's kings |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 4 | **be** | present | none |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **call** | present |  |  |  |  |  | unto Me | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כֻּלָּ֤ם יֵחַ֙מּוּ֙ כַּתַּנּ֔וּר וְאָכְל֖וּ אֶת־שֹֽׁפְטֵיהֶ֑ם כָּל־מַלְכֵיהֶ֣ם נָפָ֔לוּ אֵין־קֹרֵ֥א בָהֶ֖ם אֵלָֽי׃

[Hosea 7:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.7.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:HOS:93` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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