---
title: Isaiah 44:28 (JPS 1917) — That saith of Cyrus: 'He is My shepherd, and shall perform all My pl… · tree and pragmatics
description: That saith of Cyrus: 'He is My shepherd, and shall perform all My pleasure'; even saying of Jerusalem: 'She shall be built'; and to the temple: 'My foundation shall be laid.' Who acts: That, Cyrus, My. Isaiah 44:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 44:28 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That saith of Cyrus: 'He is My shepherd, and shall perform all My pleasure'; even saying of Jerusalem: 'She shall be built'; and to the temple: 'My foundation shall be laid.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** That, Cyrus, My · **What happens:** say, be, perform, build, lay, please · **To what, where:** shepherd, pleasure, Jerusalem, foundation · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 44:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, Cyrus, My), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1001
# text = That saith of Cyrus: 'He is My shepherd, and shall perform all My pleasure'; even saying of Jerusalem: 'She shall be built'; and to the temple: 'My foundation shall be laid.'
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Cyrus	Cyrus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
7	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	perform	perform	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
15	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	17	det:predet	_	_
16	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
18	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	even	even	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
24	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
25	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	_
26	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
27	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	ccomp	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	temple	temple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
36	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
37	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	42	punct	_	_
38	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	foundation	foundation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj:pass	_	_
40	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
41	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	aux:pass	_	_
42	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	orphan	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	42	punct	_	_
44	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	42	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | That |  |  |  |  | of Cyrus | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Cyrus | My shepherd |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **perform** | shall | Cyrus *not said here* | My pleasure |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pleasure=Theme |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | That *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of Jerusalem | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **build** | shall · passive |  | Jerusalem |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 6 | **lay** | shall · passive |  | My foundation |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 7 | **please** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom pleasure «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הָאֹמֵ֤ר לְכ֙וֹרֶשׁ֙ רֹעִ֔י וְכָל־חֶפְצִ֖י יַשְׁלִ֑ם וְלֵאמֹ֤ר לִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ תִּבָּנֶ֔ה וְהֵיכָ֖ל תִּוָּסֵֽד׃ס

[Isaiah 44:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.28/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1001` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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