---
title: Isaiah 45:8 (JPS 1917) — Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down right… · tree and pragmatics
description: Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness; let the earth open, that they may bring forth salvation, and let her cause righteousness to spring up together; I the LORD have created it. Who acts: you, skies, earth, heavens. Isaiah 45:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency 
---

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# Isaiah 45:8 · JPS 1917

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Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness; let the earth open, that they may bring forth salvation, and let her cause righteousness to spring up together; I the LORD have created it.

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**Who acts:** you, skies, earth, heavens, Israel, I · **What happens:** drop down, let, pour down, open, bring, cause · **To what, where:** skies, righteousness, earth, salvation, Israel

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This is Isaiah 45:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, skies, earth, heavens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1009
# text = Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness; let the earth open, that they may bring forth salvation, and let her cause righteousness to spring up together; I the LORD have created it.
1	Drop	drop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADV	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	1	vocative	_	_
5	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	above	above	ADV	RB	_	1	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	skies	sky	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	pour	pour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
15	down	down	ADV	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	righteousness	righteousness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
18	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
27	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
28	salvation	salvation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
32	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	obj	_	_
33	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	xcomp	_	_
34	righteousness	righteousness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
35	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
36	spring	spring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	advcl	_	_
37	up	up	ADV	RP	_	36	compound:prt	_	_
38	together	together	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	44	punct	_	_
40	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	appos	_	_
43	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
44	created	create	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	_
45	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	obj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ye *vocative* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from above=Trajectory |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the skies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pour down** | infinitive | the skies *not said here* | righteousness |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent righteousness=Patient |
| 4 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the earth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **open** | infinitive | the earth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **bring** | may | heavens *= heaven* | salvation |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent salvation=Theme |
| 7 | **let** | infinitive | heavens *= heaven* *not said here* | Israel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **cause** | infinitive | Israel *not said here* | righteousness |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition righteousness=Patient |
| 9 | **spring up** | to-infinitive | Israel *not said here* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **create** | present · perfect | I | righteousness |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הַרְעִ֤יפוּ שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּ֔עַל וּשְׁחָקִ֖ים יִזְּלוּ־צֶ֑דֶק תִּפְתַּח־אֶ֣רֶץ וְיִפְרוּ־יֶ֗שַׁע וּצְדָקָ֤ה תַצְמִ֙יחַ֙ יַ֔חַד אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בְּרָאתִֽיו׃ס

[Isaiah 45:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1009` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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