---
title: Isaiah 45:23 (JPS 1917) — By Myself have I sworn, the word is gone forth from My mouth in righ… · tree and pragmatics
description: By Myself have I sworn, the word is gone forth from My mouth in righteousness, and shall not come back, that unto Me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear. Who acts: I, knee, tongue. Isaiah 45:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 45:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By Myself have I sworn, the word is gone forth from My mouth in righteousness, and shall not come back, that unto Me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear.

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**Who acts:** I, knee, tongue · **What happens:** swear, go, not come back, bow · **To what, where:** word, mouth

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 45:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, knee, tongue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1027
# text = By Myself have I sworn, the word is gone forth from My mouth in righteousness, and shall not come back, that unto Me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	5	obl	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sworn	swear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	righteousness	righteousness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
22	back	back	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
24	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
25	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	obl	_	_
27	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	28	det	_	_
28	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
29	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	bow	bow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	33	det	_	_
33	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
34	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
35	swear	swear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | by Myself | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go** | present · passive |  | the word |  | My mouth |  | in righteousness; forth *property* | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **come back** | shall |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **bow** | shall | every knee |  |  |  |  | unto Me | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **swear** | shall | every tongue |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בִּ֣י נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי יָצָ֨א מִפִּ֧י צְדָקָ֛ה דָּבָ֖ר וְלֹ֣א יָשׁ֑וּב כִּי־לִי֙ תִּכְרַ֣ע כָּל־בֶּ֔רֶךְ תִּשָּׁבַ֖ע כָּל־לָשֽׁוֹן׃

[Isaiah 45:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1027` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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