---
title: Isaiah 48:7 (JPS 1917) — They are created now, and not from of old, and before this day thou… · tree and pragmatics
description: They are created now, and not from of old, and before this day thou heardest them not; lest thou shouldest say: 'Behold, I knew them.' Who acts: thou, I. Isaiah 48:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1065/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/48/) / [48:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.48.7/) / JPS 1

# Isaiah 48:7 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are created now, and not from of old, and before this day thou heardest them not; lest thou shouldest say: 'Behold, I knew them.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thou, I · **What happens:** create, not hear, say, know · **To what, where:** things · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 48:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1065
# text = They are created now, and not from of old, and before this day thou heardest them not; lest thou shouldest say: 'Behold, I knew them.'
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	created	create	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	not	not	ADV	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
13	before	before	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	det	_	_
15	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
16	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nsubj	_	_
17	heardest	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	not	not	ADV	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
23	shouldest	should	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
25	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
26	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	_
27	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	30	discourse	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
29	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	ccomp	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
33	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **create** | present · passive |  | things *= thing* |  |  | now |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **not** **hear** | past | thou | things *= thing* |  |  | day |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | should | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **know** | past | I | things *= thing* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
עַתָּ֤ה נִבְרְאוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א מֵאָ֔ז וְלִפְנֵי־י֖וֹם וְלֹ֣א שְׁמַעְתָּ֑ם פֶּן־תֹּאמַ֖ר הִנֵּ֥ה יְדַעְתִּֽין׃

[Isaiah 48:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.48.7/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1065` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Isaiah 48:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1064/)
- next →: [Isaiah 48:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1066/)
- ↑ back to [Isaiah 48:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.48.7/)