---
title: Isaiah 5:18 (JPS 1917) — Woe unto them that draw iniquity with cords of vanity, and sin as it… · tree and pragmatics
description: Woe unto them that draw iniquity with cords of vanity, and sin as it were with a cart rope, Who acts: Woe, iniquity. Isaiah 5:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 5:18 · JPS 1917

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Woe unto them that draw iniquity with cords of vanity, and sin as it were with a cart rope,

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**Who acts:** Woe, iniquity · **What happens:** draw, sin, be · **To what, where:** iniquity

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This is Isaiah 5:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Woe, iniquity), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:108
# text = Woe unto them that draw iniquity with cords of vanity, and sin as it were with a cart rope,
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	draw	draw	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
6	iniquity	iniquity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	cords	cord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	vanity	vanity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	sin	sin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
14	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	advcl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | present | Woe unto lambs | iniquity |  |  |  | with cords of vanity | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iniquity=Theme |
| 2 | **sin** | infinitive | Woe unto lambs *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | iniquity |  |  |  |  | with a cart rope | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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ה֛וֹי מֹשְׁכֵ֥י הֶֽעָוֺ֖ן בְּחַבְלֵ֣י הַשָּׁ֑וְא וְכַעֲב֥וֹת הָעֲגָלָ֖ה חַטָּאָֽה׃

[Isaiah 5:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.5.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:108` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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