---
title: Isaiah 49:13 (JPS 1917) — Sing, O heavens, and be joyful, O earth, and break forth into singin… · tree and pragmatics
description: Sing, O heavens, and be joyful, O earth, and break forth into singing, O mountains; for the LORD hath comforted His people, and hath compassion upon His afflicted. Who acts: you, LORD. Isaiah 49:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 49:13 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sing, O heavens, and be joyful, O earth, and break forth into singing, O mountains; for the LORD hath comforted His people, and hath compassion upon His afflicted.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, LORD · **What happens:** sing, be, break, comfort, have · **To what, where:** mountains, singing, people, compassion

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 49:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1095
# text = Sing, O heavens, and be joyful, O earth, and break forth into singing, O mountains; for the LORD hath comforted His people, and hath compassion upon His afflicted.
1	Sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
4	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	vocative	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
8	joyful	joyful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	11	discourse	_	_
11	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	vocative	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
15	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	singing	sing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	20	discourse	_	_
20	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
22	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
25	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	comforted	comfort	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	parataxis	_	_
27	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
32	compassion	compassion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
33	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	afflicted	afflict	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | heavens *vocative* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | earth *vocative*; joyful *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **break** | infinitive | you *not said here* | mountains |  |  |  | into singing *result*; forth *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into sing=Result |
| 4 | **comfort** | present · perfect | the LORD | LORD's people |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus people=Experiencer |
| 5 | **have** | present | the LORD *not said here* | compassion |  |  |  | upon LORD's afflicted | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent compassion=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
רָנּ֤וּ שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְגִ֣ילִי אָ֔רֶץ וּפִצְח֥וּ הָרִ֖ים רִנָּ֑ה כִּֽי־נִחַ֤ם יְהוָה֙ עַמּ֔וֹ וַעֲנִיָּ֖ו יְרַחֵֽם׃ס

[Isaiah 49:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.49.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1095` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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