---
title: Isaiah 49:21 (JPS 1917) — Then shalt thou say in thy heart: 'Who hath begotten me these, seein… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then shalt thou say in thy heart: 'Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have been bereaved of my children, and am solitary, an exile, and wandering to and fro? Who acts: thou. Isaiah 49:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 49:21 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3

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Then shalt thou say in thy heart: 'Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have been bereaved of my children, and am solitary, an exile, and wandering to and fro?

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**Who acts:** thou · **What happens:** say, beget, bereave, be, wander · **To what, where:** heart, these, me, I · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Isaiah 49:21 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1105
# text = Then shalt thou say in thy heart: 'Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have been bereaved of my children, and am solitary, an exile, and wandering to and fro?
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	_
10	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	begotten	beget	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
13	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	iobj	_	_
14	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	12	obj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	seeing	see	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	bereaved	bereave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
27	solitary	solitary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	exile	exile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	wandering	wander	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	27	conj	_	_
34	to	to	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	fro	fro	ADV	RB	_	34	conj	_	_
37	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | shall | thou |  |  | thy heart | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **beget** | present · perfect |  | these | me |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary this=Patient |
| 3 | **bereave** | present · perfect · passive |  | I |  |  |  | of my children | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Source of child=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | solitary *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **wander** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְאָמַ֣רְתְּ בִּלְבָבֵ֗ךְ מִ֤י יָֽלַד־לִי֙ אֶת־אֵ֔לֶּה וַאֲנִ֥י שְׁכוּלָ֖ה וְגַלְמוּדָ֑ה גֹּלָ֣ה ׀ וְסוּרָ֗ה וְאֵ֙לֶּה֙ מִ֣י גִדֵּ֔ל הֵ֤ן אֲנִי֙ נִשְׁאַ֣רְתִּי לְבַדִּ֔י אֵ֖לֶּה אֵיפֹ֥ה הֵֽם׃פ

[Isaiah 49:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.49.21/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **Then shalt thou say in thy heart: 'Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have been bereaved of my children, and am solitary, an exile, and wandering to and fro?**
2. [And who hath brought up these?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1106/)
3. [Behold, I was left alone; these, where were they?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1107/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1105` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Isaiah 49:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1104/)
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- ↑ back to [Isaiah 49:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.49.21/)