--- title: Isaiah 49:23 (JPS 1917) — And kings shall be thy foster-fathers, and their queens thy nursing… · tree and pragmatics description: And kings shall be thy foster-fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers; they shall bow down to thee with their face to the earth, and lick the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD, for they shall not be ashamed that wait for Me. Who acts: kings, nursing mothers, thou, I. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kings, nursing mothers, thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:1109 # text = And kings shall be thy foster-fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers; they shall bow down to thee with their face to the earth, and lick the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD, for they shall not be ashamed that wait for Me. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 2 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 4 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 8 cop _ _ 5 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 8 nmod:poss _ _ 6 foster foster NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 7 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 6 punct _ _ 8 fathers father NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 queens queen NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 13 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 nmod:poss _ _ 14 nursing nurse NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 mothers mother NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 18 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 bow bow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 parataxis _ _ 20 down down ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 19 obl _ _ 23 with with ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 26 to to ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 lick lick VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 conj _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nmod _ _ 37 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 39 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 41 nsubj _ _ 40 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 41 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _ 42 that that SCONJ IN _ 46 mark _ _ 43 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 46 nsubj _ _ 44 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 46 cop _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 ccomp _ _ 47 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 48 for for SCONJ IN _ 53 mark _ _ 49 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ _ 50 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 53 aux _ _ 51 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 53 advmod _ _ 52 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 53 cop _ _ 53 ashamed ashamed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 advcl _ _ 54 that that SCONJ IN _ 55 mark _ _ 55 wait wait VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 53 ccomp _ _ 56 for for ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 57 Me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 55 obl _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | shall | kings | thy foster fathers and Kings's queens | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **queen** | | thy nursing mothers | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **bow down** | shall | Kings *= king* | | | | | to thee; with Kings's face to the earth; down *property* | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to thou=Theme | | 4 | **lick** | infinitive | Kings *= king* *not said here* | the dust of thy feet | | | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent dust=Source | | 5 | **know** | shall | thou | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **is a** | present | I | the LORD | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **not** **is** | shall | Kings *= king* | | | | | ashamed *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **wait** | present | Kings *= king* *not said here* | | | | | for Me | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהָי֨וּ מְלָכִ֜ים אֹֽמְנַ֗יִךְ וְשָׂרֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ מֵינִ֣יקֹתַ֔יִךְ אַפַּ֗יִם אֶ֚רֶץ יִשְׁתַּ֣חֲווּ לָ֔ךְ וַעֲפַ֥ר רַגְלַ֖יִךְ יְלַחֵ֑כוּ וְיָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יֵבֹ֖שׁוּ קוָֹֽי׃ס [Isaiah 49:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.49.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1109` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 49:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1108/) - next →: [Isaiah 49:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1110/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 49:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.49.23/)