---
title: Isaiah 50:1 (JPS 1917) — Or which of My creditors is it to whom I have sold you? · tree and pragmatics
description: Or which of My creditors is it to whom I have sold you? Who acts: divorcement, I. Isaiah 50:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 50:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 3

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Or which of My creditors is it to whom I have sold you?

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**Who acts:** divorcement, I · **What happens:** be, sell · **To what, where:** you

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This is Isaiah 50:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (divorcement, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1114
# text = Or which of My creditors is it to whom I have sold you?
1	Or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	creditors	creditor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	cop	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	sold	sell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | divorcement |  |  |  |  | of My creditors | tree rules |
| 2 | **sell** | present · perfect | I | you |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Theme to whom=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֵ֣י זֶ֠ה סֵ֣פֶר כְּרִית֤וּת אִמְּכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שִׁלַּחְתִּ֔יהָ א֚וֹ מִ֣י מִנּוֹשַׁ֔י אֲשֶׁר־מָכַ֥רְתִּי אֶתְכֶ֖ם ל֑וֹ הֵ֤ן בַּעֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ נִמְכַּרְתֶּ֔ם וּבְפִשְׁעֵיכֶ֖ם שֻׁלְּחָ֥ה אִמְּכֶֽם׃

[Isaiah 50:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.50.1/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [Thus saith the LORD: Where is the bill of your mother's divorcement, wherewith I have put her away?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1113/)
2. **Or which of My creditors is it to whom I have sold you?**
3. [Behold, for your iniquities were ye sold, and for your transgressions was your mother put away.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1115/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1114` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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