---
title: Isaiah 50:9 (JPS 1917) — Behold, they all shall wax old as a garment, the moth shall eat them… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, they all shall wax old as a garment, the moth shall eat them up. Who acts: fish, moth. Isaiah 50:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 50:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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Behold, they all shall wax old as a garment, the moth shall eat them up.

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**Who acts:** fish, moth · **What happens:** wax, eat up · **To what, where:** fish

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This is Isaiah 50:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fish, moth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1127
# text = Behold, they all shall wax old as a garment, the moth shall eat them up.
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
5	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	wax	wax	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	garment	garment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	moth	moth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	parataxis	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wax** | shall | fish |  |  |  |  | old *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **eat up** | shall | the moth | fish |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הֵ֣ן אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ יַֽעֲזָר־לִ֔י מִי־ה֖וּא יַרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִי הֵ֤ן כֻּלָּם֙ כַּבֶּ֣גֶד יִבְל֔וּ עָ֖שׁ יֹאכְלֵֽם׃

[Isaiah 50:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.50.9/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [Behold, the Lord GOD will help me; who is he that shall condemn me?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1126/)
2. **Behold, they all shall wax old as a garment, the moth shall eat them up.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1127` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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