---
title: Isaiah 51:13 (JPS 1917) — And hast forgotten the LORD thy Maker, that stretched forth the heav… · tree and pragmatics
description: And hast forgotten the LORD thy Maker, that stretched forth the heavens, and laid the foundations of the earth; and fearest continually all the day because of the fury of the oppressor, as he maketh ready to destroy? Who acts: LORD. Isaiah 51:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Isaiah 51:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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And hast forgotten the LORD thy Maker, that stretched forth the heavens, and laid the foundations of the earth; and fearest continually all the day because of the fury of the oppressor, as he maketh ready to destroy?

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**Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** forget, stretch, lay, fear, make, destroy · **To what, where:** LORD, heavens, foundations, oppressor

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This is Isaiah 51:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1144
# text = And hast forgotten the LORD thy Maker, that stretched forth the heavens, and laid the foundations of the earth; and fearest continually all the day because of the fury of the oppressor, as he maketh ready to destroy?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	hast	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	forgotten	forget	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	Maker	Maker	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	stretched	stretch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	foundations	foundation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	fearest	fear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
25	continually	continually	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
26	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	28	det:predet	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl:unmarked	_	_
29	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	32	case	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	fixed	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	fury	fury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	oppressor	oppressor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
38	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
39	maketh	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	advcl	_	_
40	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	xcomp	_	_
41	to	to	PART	TO	_	42	mark	_	_
42	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	xcomp	_	_
43	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: evaluate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=evaluate, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forget** | present · perfect |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stretch** | past | the LORD | the heavens |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heaven=Patient |
| 3 | **lay** | past | the LORD *not said here* | the foundations of the earth |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foundation=Result |
| 4 | **fear** | present |  |  |  |  | day | because the fury of the oppressor; continually *property* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **make** | present | LORD |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **destroy** | to-infinitive | LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **infuriate** |  |  | the oppressor |  |  |  |  | nom fury «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתִּשְׁכַּ֞ח יְהוָ֣ה עֹשֶׂ֗ךָ נוֹטֶ֣ה שָׁמַיִם֮ וְיֹסֵ֣ד אָרֶץ֒ וַתְּפַחֵ֨ד תָּמִ֜יד כָּל־הַיּ֗וֹם מִפְּנֵי֙ חֲמַ֣ת הַמֵּצִ֔יק כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר כּוֹנֵ֖ן לְהַשְׁחִ֑ית וְאַיֵּ֖ה חֲמַ֥ת הַמֵּצִֽיק׃

[Isaiah 51:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.51.13/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **And hast forgotten the LORD thy Maker, that stretched forth the heavens, and laid the foundations of the earth; and fearest continually all the day because of the fury of the oppressor, as he maketh ready to destroy?**
2. [And where is the fury of the oppressor?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1145/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1144` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Isaiah 51:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1143/)
- next →: [Isaiah 51:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1145/)
- ↑ back to [Isaiah 51:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.51.13/)