---
title: Isaiah 51:16 (JPS 1917) — And I have put My words in thy mouth, and have covered thee in the s… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I have put My words in thy mouth, and have covered thee in the shadow of My hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay the foundations of the earth, and say unto Zion: 'Thou art My people.' Who acts: I, My. Isaiah 51:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 51:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I have put My words in thy mouth, and have covered thee in the shadow of My hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay the foundations of the earth, and say unto Zion: 'Thou art My people.'

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**Who acts:** I, My · **What happens:** put, cover, plant, lay, say, be · **To what, where:** words, mouth, thee, heavens, foundations, people · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 51:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, My), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1148
# text = And I have put My words in thy mouth, and have covered thee in the shadow of My hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay the foundations of the earth, and say unto Zion: 'Thou art My people.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
14	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
23	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	plant	plant	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	conj	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	foundations	foundation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	conj	_	_
39	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Zion	Zion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
41	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	46	punct	_	_
42	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	46	punct	_	_
43	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	44	nsubj	_	_
44	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	46	cop	_	_
45	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	ccomp	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	46	punct	_	_
48	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	46	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | present · perfect | I | My words |  | thy mouth |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent word=Theme in mouth=Destination |
| 2 | **cover** | present · perfect | I *not said here* | thee |  |  |  | in the shadow of My hand | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent thou=Destination in shadow=Theme |
| 3 | **plant** | may | I | the heavens |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heaven=Patient |
| 4 | **lay** | infinitive | I *not said here* | the foundations of the earth |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foundation=Result |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Zion | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is a** | present |  | My people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **word** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 8 | **shadow** |  |  | My hand |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וָאָשִׂ֤ים דְּבָרַי֙ בְּפִ֔יךָ וּבְצֵ֥ל יָדִ֖י כִּסִּיתִ֑יךָ לִנְטֹ֤עַ שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְלִיסֹ֣ד אָ֔רֶץ וְלֵאמֹ֥ר לְצִיּ֖וֹן עַמִּי־אָֽתָּה׃ס

[Isaiah 51:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.51.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1148` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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