--- title: Isaiah 52:15 (JPS 1917) — So shall he startle many nations, kings shall shut their mouths beca… · tree and pragmatics description: So shall he startle many nations, kings shall shut their mouths because of him; for that which had not been told them shall they see, and that which they had not heard shall they perceive. Who acts: many, kings. Isaiah 52:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1171/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 52](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/52/) / [52:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.52.15/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 52:15 · JPS 1917 So shall he startle many nations, kings shall shut their mouths because of him; for that which had not been told them shall they see, and that which they had not heard shall they perceive. **Who acts:** many, kings · **What happens:** startle, shut, not tell, see, not hear, perceive · **To what, where:** many nations, mouths, that · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Isaiah 52:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many, kings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:1171 # text = So shall he startle many nations, kings shall shut their mouths because of him; for that which had not been told them shall they see, and that which they had not heard shall they perceive. 1 So so ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 2 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 startle startle VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 nations nation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 9 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 shut shut VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 mouths mouth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 13 because because ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 15 case _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 13 fixed _ _ 15 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 17 for for ADP IN _ 27 mark _ _ 18 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 27 obj _ _ 19 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 nsubj:pass _ _ 20 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 21 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 23 advmod _ _ 22 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 23 aux:pass _ _ 23 told tell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 acl:relcl _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 iobj _ _ 25 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 30 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 38 obj _ _ 31 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 35 obj _ _ 32 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 33 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 35 advmod _ _ 35 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 30 acl:relcl _ _ 36 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 perceive perceive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 conj _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **startle** | shall | many | many nations | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus nation=Experiencer | | 2 | **shut** | shall | kings | kings's mouths | | | | because many | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent mouth=Patient | | 3 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | past · perfect · passive | | | mouths *= mouth* | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient they=Topic | | 4 | **see** | shall | kings *= king* | that | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus | | 5 | **not** **hear** | past · perfect | kings *= king* | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus | | 6 | **perceive** | shall | kings *= king* | that | | | | | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כֵּ֤ן יַזֶּה֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים עָלָ֛יו יִקְפְּצ֥וּ מְלָכִ֖ים פִּיהֶ֑ם כִּ֠י אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־סֻפַּ֤ר לָהֶם֙ רָא֔וּ וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־שָׁמְע֖וּ הִתְבּוֹנָֽנוּ׃ [Isaiah 52:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.52.15/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1171` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 52:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1170/) - next →: [Isaiah 53:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1172/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 52:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.52.15/)