---
title: Isaiah 53:1 (JPS 1917) — 'Who would have believed our report? · tree and pragmatics
description: 'Who would have believed our report? Who acts: our. Isaiah 53:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 53:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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'Who would have believed our report?

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**Who acts:** our · **What happens:** believe, report · **To what, where:** report

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This is Isaiah 53:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1172
# text = 'Who would have believed our report?
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	_
2	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux	_	_
5	believed	believe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | would · perfect |  | our report |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer report=Stimulus |
| 2 | **report** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom report «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מִ֥י הֶאֱמִ֖ין לִשְׁמֻעָתֵ֑נוּ וּזְר֥וֹעַ יְהוָ֖ה עַל־מִ֥י נִגְלָֽתָה׃

[Isaiah 53:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.53.1/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **'Who would have believed our report?**
2. [And to whom hath the arm of the LORD been revealed?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1173/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1172` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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