---
title: Isaiah 53:1 (JPS 1917) — And to whom hath the arm of the LORD been revealed? · tree and pragmatics
description: And to whom hath the arm of the LORD been revealed? Isaiah 53:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 53:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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And to whom hath the arm of the LORD been revealed?

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**What happens:** reveal · **To what, where:** arm

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This is Isaiah 53:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1173
# text = And to whom hath the arm of the LORD been revealed?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	11	obl	_	_
4	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	revealed	reveal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reveal** | present · perfect · passive |  | the arm of the LORD |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to whom=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
מִ֥י הֶאֱמִ֖ין לִשְׁמֻעָתֵ֑נוּ וּזְר֥וֹעַ יְהוָ֖ה עַל־מִ֥י נִגְלָֽתָה׃

[Isaiah 53:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.53.1/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. ['Who would have believed our report?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1172/)
2. **And to whom hath the arm of the LORD been revealed?**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1173` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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