--- title: Isaiah 54:1 (JPS 1917) — Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear, break forth into singing,… · tree and pragmatics description: Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear, break forth into singing, and cry aloud, thou that didst not travail; for more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith the LORD. Who acts: you, thou, LORD. Isaiah 54:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmat --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1185/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 54](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/54/) / [54:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.54.1/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 54:1 · JPS 1917 Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear, break forth into singing, and cry aloud, thou that didst not travail; for more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith the LORD. **Who acts:** you, thou, LORD · **What happens:** sing, not bear, break, cry, not travail, be · **To what, where:** singing, children · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Isaiah 54:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, thou, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:1185 # text = Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear, break forth into singing, and cry aloud, thou that didst not travail; for more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith the LORD. 1 Sing sing VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 3 O o INTJ UH _ 4 discourse _ _ 4 barren barren ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 vocative _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 appos _ _ 7 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 8 didst do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 9 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 10 advmod _ _ 10 bear bear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 acl:relcl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 break break VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 conj _ _ 13 forth forth ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 14 into into ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 singing sing NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 cry cry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 conj _ _ 19 aloud aloud ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 18 nsubj _ _ 22 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 23 didst do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 24 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 25 advmod _ _ 25 travail travail VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 acl:relcl _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 31 advmod _ _ 29 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 parataxis _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 desolate desolate NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 35 than than ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 married married ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nmod _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 43 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 parataxis _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 43 nsubj _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=request, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | barren *vocative* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **not** **bear** | past · do-support | | | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **break** | infinitive | you *not said here* | | | | | into singing *result*; forth *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into sing=Result | | 4 | **cry** *speech: express* | infinitive | thou | | | | | aloud *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **not** **travail** | past · do-support | | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **is a** | present | | the children | | | | of the desolate | tree rules | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} רָנִּ֥י עֲקָרָ֖ה לֹ֣א יָלָ֑דָה פִּצְחִ֨י רִנָּ֤ה וְצַהֲלִי֙ לֹא־חָ֔לָה כִּֽי־רַבִּ֧ים בְּֽנֵי־שׁוֹמֵמָ֛ה מִבְּנֵ֥י בְעוּלָ֖ה אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ [Isaiah 54:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.54.1/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1185` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 53:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1184/) - next →: [Isaiah 54:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1186/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 54:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.54.1/)