---
title: Isaiah 54:3 (JPS 1917) — For thou shalt spread abroad on the right hand and on the left; and… · tree and pragmatics
description: For thou shalt spread abroad on the right hand and on the left; and thy seed shall possess the nations, and make the desolate cities to be inhabited. Who acts: thou, seed. Isaiah 54:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 54:3 · JPS 1917

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For thou shalt spread abroad on the right hand and on the left; and thy seed shall possess the nations, and make the desolate cities to be inhabited.

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**Who acts:** thou, seed · **What happens:** spread, possess, make, inhabit · **To what, where:** right hand, nations, desolate cities

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This is Isaiah 54:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, seed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1187
# text = For thou shalt spread abroad on the right hand and on the left; and thy seed shall possess the nations, and make the desolate cities to be inhabited.
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	spread	spread	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	left	left	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	possess	possess	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	desolate	desolate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	inhabited	inhabit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	xcomp	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | shall | thou |  |  | the right hand and the left |  | abroad *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on hand=Location |
| 2 | **possess** | shall | thy seed | the nations |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot nation=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive | thy seed *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **inhabit** | to-infinitive · passive |  | the desolate cities |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כִּי־יָמִ֥ין וּשְׂמֹ֖אול תִּפְרֹ֑צִי וְזַרְעֵךְ֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם יִירָ֔שׁ וְעָרִ֥ים נְשַׁמּ֖וֹת יוֹשִֽׁיבוּ׃

[Isaiah 54:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.54.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1187` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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