---
title: Isaiah 55:9 (JPS 1917) — For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are My ways higher… · tree and pragmatics
description: For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are My ways higher than your ways, and My thoughts than your thoughts. Who acts: heavens, ways, My, your. Isaiah 55:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 55:9 · JPS 1917

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For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are My ways higher than your ways, and My thoughts than your thoughts.

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**Who acts:** heavens, ways, My, your · **What happens:** be, think

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This is Isaiah 55:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heavens, ways, My, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1213
# text = For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are My ways higher than your ways, and My thoughts than your thoughts.
1	For	for	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	15	advcl	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
16	than	than	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	thoughts	thought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
23	than	than	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	thoughts	thought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the heavens |  |  |  |  | than the earth; high *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | My ways and My thoughts than your thoughts |  |  |  |  | than your ways; high *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **think** |  | My |  |  |  |  | than your thoughts | nom thought «cognition transitive»: poss=agent than=obl |
| 4 | **think** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom thought «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כִּֽי־גָבְה֥וּ שָׁמַ֖יִם מֵאָ֑רֶץ כֵּ֣ן גָּבְה֤וּ דְרָכַי֙ מִדַּרְכֵיכֶ֔ם וּמַחְשְׁבֹתַ֖י מִמַּחְשְׁבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃

[Isaiah 55:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.55.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1213` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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