---
title: Isaiah 57:20 (JPS 1917) — But the wicked are like the troubled sea; for it cannot rest, and it… · tree and pragmatics
description: But the wicked are like the troubled sea; for it cannot rest, and its waters cast up mire and dirt. Who acts: wicked, sea, waters. Isaiah 57:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 57:20 · JPS 1917

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But the wicked are like the troubled sea; for it cannot rest, and its waters cast up mire and dirt.

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**Who acts:** wicked, sea, waters · **What happens:** be, not rest, cast up · **To what, where:** mire

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This is Isaiah 57:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wicked, sea, waters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1255
# text = But the wicked are like the troubled sea; for it cannot rest, and its waters cast up mire and dirt.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	troubled	troubled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
10	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
19	cast	cast	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	mire	mire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	dirt	dirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the wicked |  |  |  |  | like the troubled sea | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **rest** | can | sea |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cast up** | present | sea's waters | mire and dirt |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mire=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהָרְשָׁעִ֖ים כַּיָּ֣ם נִגְרָ֑שׁ כִּ֤י הַשְׁקֵט֙ לֹ֣א יוּכָ֔ל וַיִּגְרְשׁ֥וּ מֵימָ֖יו רֶ֥פֶשׁ וָטִֽיט׃

[Isaiah 57:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.57.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1255` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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