---
title: Isaiah 59:15 (JPS 1917) — And truth is lacking, and he that departeth from evil maketh himself… · tree and pragmatics
description: And truth is lacking, and he that departeth from evil maketh himself a prey. Who acts: truth. Isaiah 59:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1288/)

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# Isaiah 59:15 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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And truth is lacking, and he that departeth from evil maketh himself a prey.

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**Who acts:** truth · **What happens:** lack, depart, make · **To what, where:** evil, truth

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This is Isaiah 59:15 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (truth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1288
# text = And truth is lacking, and he that departeth from evil maketh himself a prey.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lacking	lack	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	departeth	depart	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	maketh	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	12	obj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	xcomp	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed polarity=neg

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lack** | present · progressive | truth |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **depart** | present |  |  |  | evil |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from evil=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **make** | present | truth | truth |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַתְּהִ֤י הָֽאֱמֶת֙ נֶעְדֶּ֔רֶת וְסָ֥ר מֵרָ֖ע מִשְׁתּוֹלֵ֑ל וַיַּ֧רְא יְהוָ֛ה וַיֵּ֥רַע בְּעֵינָ֖יו כִּֽי־אֵ֥ין מִשְׁפָּֽט׃

[Isaiah 59:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.59.15/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **And truth is lacking, and he that departeth from evil maketh himself a prey.**
2. [And the LORD saw it, and it displeased Him that there was no justice;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1289/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1288` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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