--- title: Isaiah 60:2 (JPS 1917) — For, behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the… · tree and pragmatics description: For, behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the peoples; but upon thee the LORD will arise, and His glory shall be seen upon thee. Who acts: darkness, LORD. Isaiah 60:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1297/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 60](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/60/) / [60:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.60.2/) / JPS 1 # Isaiah 60:2 · JPS 1917 For, behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the peoples; but upon thee the LORD will arise, and His glory shall be seen upon thee. **Who acts:** darkness, LORD · **What happens:** cover, arise, see, glory · **To what, where:** earth, thee, glory This is Isaiah 60:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (darkness, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:ISA:1297 # text = For, behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the peoples; but upon thee the LORD will arise, and His glory shall be seen upon thee. 1 For for CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 behold behold INTJ UH _ 7 discourse _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 5 darkness darkness NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 6 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 cover cover VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 gross gross ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 darkness darkness NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 peoples people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 conj _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 17 but but CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 18 upon upon ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 23 obl _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 22 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 arise arise VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 conj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 26 His his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 glory glory NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 28 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 29 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 30 aux:pass _ _ 30 seen see VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 conj _ _ 31 upon upon ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 30 obl _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cover** | shall | darkness | the earth | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme earth=Destination | | 2 | **arise** | future | the LORD | | | thee | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon thou=Location | | 3 | **see** | shall · passive | | LORD's glory | | | | upon thee | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus | | 4 | **glory** | | LORD | | | | | | nom glory «state intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֤ה הַחֹ֙שֶׁךְ֙ יְכַסֶּה־אֶ֔רֶץ וַעֲרָפֶ֖ל לְאֻמִּ֑ים וְעָלַ֙יִךְ֙ יִזְרַ֣ח יְהוָ֔ה וּכְבוֹד֖וֹ עָלַ֥יִךְ יֵרָאֶֽה׃ [Isaiah 60:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.60.2/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1297` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Isaiah 60:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1296/) - next →: [Isaiah 60:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1298/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 60:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.60.2/)