---
title: Isaiah 60:22 (JPS 1917) — The smallest shall become a thousand, and the least a mighty nation;… · tree and pragmatics
description: The smallest shall become a thousand, and the least a mighty nation; I the LORD will hasten it in its time. Who acts: smallest, least, LORD. Isaiah 60:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 60:22 · JPS 1917

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The smallest shall become a thousand, and the least a mighty nation; I the LORD will hasten it in its time.

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**Who acts:** smallest, least, LORD · **What happens:** become, nation, hasten · **To what, where:** thousand, least

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This is Isaiah 60:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (smallest, least, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1317
# text = The smallest shall become a thousand, and the least a mighty nation; I the LORD will hasten it in its time.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smallest	small	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	thousand	thousand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	least	least	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	appos	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	hasten	hasten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | shall | the smallest | a thousand |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **nation** |  | the least |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hasten** | future | the LORD | least |  |  | time |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הַקָּטֹן֙ יִֽהְיֶ֣ה לָאֶ֔לֶף וְהַצָּעִ֖יר לְג֣וֹי עָצ֑וּם אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בְּעִתָּ֥הּ אֲחִישֶֽׁנָּה׃ס

[Isaiah 60:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.60.22/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1317` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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