---
title: Isaiah 6:11 (JPS 1917) — Then said I: 'Lord, how long?' And He answered: 'Until cities be was… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said I: 'Lord, how long?' And He answered: 'Until cities be waste without inhabitant, and houses without man, and the land become utterly waste, Who acts: I, Lord, cities, land. Isaiah 6:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 6:11 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then said I: 'Lord, how long?' And He answered: 'Until cities be waste without inhabitant, and houses without man, and the land become utterly waste,

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, Lord, cities, land · **What happens:** say, answer, be, become · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 6:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Lord, cities, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:133
# text = Then said I: 'Lord, how long?' And He answered: 'Until cities be waste without inhabitant, and houses without man, and the land become utterly waste,
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	vocative	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
9	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
11	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
12	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	_
17	Until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	cop	_	_
20	waste	waste	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	advcl	_	_
21	without	without	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	inhabitant	inhabitant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
26	without	without	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
32	become	become	VERB	VBP	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
33	utterly	utterly	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	waste	waste	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	xcomp	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: fragment
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=frag

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Lord |  |  |  |  | Lord *vocative* | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | infinitive | cities |  |  |  |  | without inhabitant; waste *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **become** | present | the land |  |  |  |  | waste *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וָאֹמַ֕ר עַד־מָתַ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑י וַיֹּ֡אמֶר עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁר֩ אִם־שָׁא֨וּ עָרִ֜ים מֵאֵ֣ין יוֹשֵׁ֗ב וּבָתִּים֙ מֵאֵ֣ין אָדָ֔ם וְהָאֲדָמָ֖ה תִּשָּׁאֶ֥ה שְׁמָמָֽה׃

[Isaiah 6:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.6.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:133` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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