---
title: Isaiah 64:1 (JPS 1917) — As when fire kindleth the brush-wood, and the fire causeth the water… · tree and pragmatics
description: As when fire kindleth the brush-wood, and the fire causeth the waters to boil; to make Thy name known to Thine adversaries, that the nations might tremble at Thy presence, Who acts: fire, waters, name, nations. Isaiah 64:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 64:1 · JPS 1917

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As when fire kindleth the brush-wood, and the fire causeth the waters to boil; to make Thy name known to Thine adversaries, that the nations might tremble at Thy presence,

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** fire, waters, name, nations, Thy · **What happens:** kindle, cause, boil, make, know, tremble · **To what, where:** brush wood, waters, name, presence

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This is Isaiah 64:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire, waters, name, nations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1365
# text = As when fire kindleth the brush-wood, and the fire causeth the waters to boil; to make Thy name known to Thine adversaries, that the nations might tremble at Thy presence,
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	kindleth	kindle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	brush	brush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	_
8	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	causeth	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	boil	boil	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
21	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	xcomp	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	Thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	adversaries	adversary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj	_	_
31	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	tremble	tremble	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
33	at	at	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: other
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=other

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kindle** | present | fire | the brush wood |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition wood=Patient |
| 2 | **cause** | present | the fire | the waters |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **boil** | to-infinitive | the waters *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive | the fire *not said here* | Thy name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **know** | participle | Thy name *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to Thine adversaries | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **tremble** | might | the nations |  |  | Thy presence |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at presence=Location |
| 7 | **name** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּקְדֹ֧חַ אֵ֣שׁ הֲמָסִ֗ים מַ֚יִם תִּבְעֶה־אֵ֔שׁ לְהוֹדִ֥יעַ שִׁמְךָ֖ לְצָרֶ֑יךָ מִפָּנֶ֖יךָ גּוֹיִ֥ם יִרְגָּֽזוּ׃

[Isaiah 64:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.64.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1365` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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