---
title: Isaiah 64:5 (JPS 1917) — And we are all become as one that is unclean, and all our righteousn… · tree and pragmatics
description: And we are all become as one that is unclean, and all our righteousnesses are as a polluted garment; and we all do fade as a leaf, and our iniquities, like the wind, take us away. Who acts: we, righteousnesses, iniquities. Isaiah 64:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# Isaiah 64:5 · JPS 1917

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And we are all become as one that is unclean, and all our righteousnesses are as a polluted garment; and we all do fade as a leaf, and our iniquities, like the wind, take us away.

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**Who acts:** we, righteousnesses, iniquities · **What happens:** become, be, pollute, fade, take away · **To what, where:** us

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This is Isaiah 64:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, righteousnesses, iniquities), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1369
# text = And we are all become as one that is unclean, and all our righteousnesses are as a polluted garment; and we all do fade as a leaf, and our iniquities, like the wind, take us away.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	all	all	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	one	one	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
14	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	righteousnesses	righteousness	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	polluted	pollute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	_
20	garment	garment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
23	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
24	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	23	det	_	_
25	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	fade	fade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
27	as	as	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
32	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	iniquities	iniquity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nsubj	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	like	like	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
39	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
40	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	39	obj	_	_
41	away	away	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present · passive | we |  |  |  |  | as one; all *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | unclean *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **pollute** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | our righteousnesses |  |  |  |  | as a polluted garment | tree rules |
| 5 | **fade** | present · do-support | we |  |  |  |  | as a leaf | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **take away** | present | our iniquities like the wind | us |  |  |  | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַנְּהִ֤י כַטָּמֵא֙ כֻּלָּ֔נוּ וּכְבֶ֥גֶד עִדִּ֖ים כָּל־צִדְקֹתֵ֑ינוּ וַנָּ֤בֶל כֶּֽעָלֶה֙ כֻּלָּ֔נוּ וַעֲוֺנֵ֖נוּ כָּר֥וּחַ יִשָּׂאֻֽנוּ׃

[Isaiah 64:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.64.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1369` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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