---
title: Isaiah 7:5 (JPS 1917) — Because Aram hath counselled evil against thee, Ephraim also, and th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Because Aram hath counselled evil against thee, Ephraim also, and the son of Remaliah, saying: Who acts: Aram, son. Isaiah 7:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 7:5 · JPS 1917

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Because Aram hath counselled evil against thee, Ephraim also, and the son of Remaliah, saying:

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**Who acts:** Aram, son · **What happens:** counsel, say · **To what, where:** evil · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Isaiah 7:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aram, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:140
# text = Because Aram hath counselled evil against thee, Ephraim also, and the son of Remaliah, saying:
1	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	Aram	Aram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	counselled	counsel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	Ephraim	Ephraim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Remaliah	Remaliah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	acl	_	_
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **counsel** *speech: other* | present · perfect | Aram | evil |  |  |  | against thee | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent evil=Recipient against thou=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the son of Remaliah *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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יַ֗עַן כִּֽי־יָעַ֥ץ עָלֶ֛יךָ אֲרָ֖ם רָעָ֑ה אֶפְרַ֥יִם וּבֶן־רְמַלְיָ֖הוּ לֵאמֹֽר׃

[Isaiah 7:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.7.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:140` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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