---
title: Isaiah 66:15 (JPS 1917) — For, behold, the LORD will come in fire, and His chariots shall be l… · tree and pragmatics
description: For, behold, the LORD will come in fire, and His chariots shall be like the whirlwind; to render His anger with fury, and His rebuke with flames of fire. Who acts: LORD, chariots, fire. Isaiah 66:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 66:15 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For, behold, the LORD will come in fire, and His chariots shall be like the whirlwind; to render His anger with fury, and His rebuke with flames of fire.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, chariots, fire · **What happens:** come, be, render, anger, rebuke, flame · **To what, where:** fire, anger

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 66:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, chariots, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:1422
# text = For, behold, the LORD will come in fire, and His chariots shall be like the whirlwind; to render His anger with fury, and His rebuke with flames of fire.
1	For	for	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
3	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
13	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
15	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	cop	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	whirlwind	whirlwind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	render	render	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
23	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	fury	fury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	rebuke	rebuke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | future | the LORD |  |  | fire |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fire=Location |
| 2 | **is** | shall | LORD's chariots |  |  |  |  | like the whirlwind | tree rules |
| 3 | **render** | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* | LORD's anger |  |  |  | with fury | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anger=Theme |
| 4 | **anger** |  | LORD |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **rebuke** |  | LORD |  |  |  |  | with flames of fire | nom rebuke «communication transitive»: poss=agent with=obl |
| 6 | **flame** |  | fire |  |  |  |  |  | nom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ בָּאֵ֣שׁ יָב֔וֹא וְכַסּוּפָ֖ה מַרְכְּבֹתָ֑יו לְהָשִׁ֤יב בְּחֵמָה֙ אַפּ֔וֹ וְגַעֲרָת֖וֹ בְּלַהֲבֵי־אֵֽשׁ׃

[Isaiah 66:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.66.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:1422` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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