---
title: Isaiah 7:8 (JPS 1917) — For the head of Aram is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin;… · tree and pragmatics
description: For the head of Aram is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin; and within threescore and five years shall Ephraim be broken, that it be not a people; Who acts: head. Isaiah 7:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 7:8 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For the head of Aram is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin; and within threescore and five years shall Ephraim be broken, that it be not a people;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** head · **What happens:** be, break, not be · **To what, where:** Damascus, Rezin, Ephraim, people

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 7:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:143
# text = For the head of Aram is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin; and within threescore and five years shall Ephraim be broken, that it be not a people;
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Aram	Aram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	Damascus	Damascus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Damascus	Damascus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	Rezin	Rezin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
18	within	within	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	threescore	threescore	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	conj	_	_
22	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
24	Ephraim	Ephraim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
30	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	cop	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	33	advmod	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	advcl	_	_
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the head of Aram | Damascus and Rezin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the head of Damascus | Rezin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **break** | shall · passive |  | Ephraim |  |  | year |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **not** **is a** | infinitive | head | a people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּ֣י רֹ֤אשׁ אֲרָם֙ דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק וְרֹ֥אשׁ דַּמֶּ֖שֶׂק רְצִ֑ין וּבְע֗וֹד שִׁשִּׁ֤ים וְחָמֵשׁ֙ שָׁנָ֔ה יֵחַ֥ת אֶפְרַ֖יִם מֵעָֽם׃

[Isaiah 7:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.7.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:143` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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