---
title: Isaiah 7:16 (JPS 1917) — Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the… · tree and pragmatics
description: Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land whose two kings thou hast a horror of shall be forsaken. Who acts: child, thou. Isaiah 7:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 7:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land whose two kings thou hast a horror of shall be forsaken.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** child, thou · **What happens:** know, refuse, choose, have, forsake · **To what, where:** evil, good, two kings, land

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 7:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (child, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:152
# text = Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land whose two kings thou hast a horror of shall be forsaken.
1	Yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	7	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	refuse	refuse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	choose	choose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	good	good	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	22	nmod:poss	_	_
21	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	_
23	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
24	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	horror	horror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
28	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	forsaken	forsake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	parataxis	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | shall | the child |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **refuse** | to-infinitive | the child *not said here* | the evil |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evil=Theme |
| 3 | **choose** | infinitive | the child *not said here* | the good |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | present | thou | two kings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **forsake** | shall · passive |  | the land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּ֠י בְּטֶ֨רֶם יֵדַ֥ע הַנַּ֛עַר מָאֹ֥ס בָּרָ֖ע וּבָחֹ֣ר בַּטּ֑וֹב תֵּעָזֵ֤ב הָאֲדָמָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתָּ֣ה קָ֔ץ מִפְּנֵ֖י שְׁנֵ֥י מְלָכֶֽיהָ׃

[Isaiah 7:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.7.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:152` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Isaiah 7:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.151/)
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