---
title: Isaiah 8:1 (JPS 1917) — And the LORD said unto me: 'Take thee a great tablet, and write upon… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the LORD said unto me: 'Take thee a great tablet, and write upon it in common script: The spoil speedeth, the prey hasteth; Who acts: LORD, spoil, prey. Isaiah 8:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 8:1 · JPS 1917

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And the LORD said unto me: 'Take thee a great tablet, and write upon it in common script: The spoil speedeth, the prey hasteth;

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**Who acts:** LORD, spoil, prey · **What happens:** say, take, write, speed, haste · **To what, where:** great tablet, thee, common script · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Isaiah 8:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, spoil, prey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:162
# text = And the LORD said unto me: 'Take thee a great tablet, and write upon it in common script: The spoil speedeth, the prey hasteth;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
9	Take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
10	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	iobj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	tablet	tablet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
17	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	script	script	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
23	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	speedeth	speed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	parataxis	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	hasteth	haste	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD |  |  |  |  | unto me | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **take** | infinitive |  | a great tablet | thee |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument thou=Theme tablet=Destination |
| 3 | **write** | infinitive |  |  |  | common script |  | upon tablet | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in script=Destination |
| 4 | **speed** | present | the spoil |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **haste** | present | the prey |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י קַח־לְךָ֖ גִּלָּי֣וֹן גָּד֑וֹל וּכְתֹ֤ב עָלָיו֙ בְּחֶ֣רֶט אֱנ֔וֹשׁ לְמַהֵ֥ר שָׁלָ֖ל חָ֥שׁ בַּֽז מַהֵ֥ר שָׁלָ֖ל חָ֥שׁ בַּֽז מַהֵ֥ר שָׁלָ֖ל חָ֥שׁ בַּֽז מַהֵ֥ר שָׁלָ֖ל חָ֥שׁ בַּֽז׃

[Isaiah 8:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:162` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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