---
title: Isaiah 1:18 (JPS 1917) — Come now, and let us reason together, saith the LORD; though your si… · tree and pragmatics
description: Come now, and let us reason together, saith the LORD; though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool. Who acts: you, us, LORD, sins. Isaiah 1:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.18/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/1/) / [1:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.1.18/) / JPS 1

# Isaiah 1:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Come now, and let us reason together, saith the LORD; though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, us, LORD, sins · **What happens:** come, let, reason, say, be · **To what, where:** us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 1:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, us, LORD, sins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:18
# text = Come now, and let us reason together, saith the LORD; though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool.
1	Come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	1	advmod	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	reason	reason	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	together	together	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
14	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	sins	sin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	scarlet	scarlet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	advcl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
22	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	cop	_	_
24	as	as	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	_
26	as	as	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
29	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	be	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
32	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	advcl	_	_
33	like	like	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	crimson	crimson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
36	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
37	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
38	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	cop	_	_
39	as	as	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: suggest
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=suggest

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | now |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **reason** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** | present | your sins |  |  |  |  | scarlet *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **is** | shall | sins *= sin* |  |  |  |  | as snow; white *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **is** | present | sins *= sin* |  |  |  |  | like crimson; red *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **is** | shall | sins *= sin* |  |  |  |  | as wool | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לְכוּ־נָ֛א וְנִוָּֽכְחָ֖ה יֹאמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה אִם־יִֽהְי֨וּ חֲטָאֵיכֶ֤ם כַּשָּׁנִים֙ כַּשֶּׁ֣לֶג יַלְבִּ֔ינוּ אִם־יַאְדִּ֥ימוּ כַתּוֹלָ֖ע כַּצֶּ֥מֶר יִהְיֽוּ׃

[Isaiah 1:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.1.18/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:18` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Isaiah 1:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.17/)
- next →: [Isaiah 1:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.19/)
- ↑ back to [Isaiah 1:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.1.18/)