---
title: Isaiah 8:23 (JPS 1917) — For is there no gloom to her that was stedfast? · tree and pragmatics
description: For is there no gloom to her that was stedfast? Who acts: gloom. Isaiah 8:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 8:23 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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For is there no gloom to her that was stedfast?

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**Who acts:** gloom · **What happens:** be

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This is Isaiah 8:23 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gloom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:185
# text = For is there no gloom to her that was stedfast?
1	For	for	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	_	2	expl	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	stedfast	stedfast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed form=q, act=assert, indirect=1, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | no gloom to gloom |  |  |  |  | stedfast *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כִּ֣י לֹ֣א מוּעָף֮ לַאֲשֶׁ֣ר מוּצָ֣ק לָהּ֒ כָּעֵ֣ת הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן הֵקַ֞ל אַ֤רְצָה זְבֻלוּן֙ וְאַ֣רְצָה נַפְתָּלִ֔י וְהָאַחֲר֖וֹן הִכְבִּ֑יד דֶּ֤רֶךְ הַיָּם֙ עֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן גְּלִ֖יל הַגּוֹיִֽם׃

[Isaiah 8:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.23/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **For is there no gloom to her that was stedfast?**
2. [Now the former hath lightly afflicted the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, but the latter hath dealt a more grievous blow by the way of the sea, beyond the Jordan, in the district of the nations.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.186/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:185` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Isaiah 8:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.184/)
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- ↑ back to [Isaiah 8:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.23/)