---
title: Isaiah 9:9 (JPS 1917) — 'The bricks are fallen, but we will build with hewn stones; the syca… · tree and pragmatics
description: 'The bricks are fallen, but we will build with hewn stones; the sycamores are cut down, but cedars will we put in their place.' Who acts: we. Isaiah 9:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 9:9 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'The bricks are fallen, but we will build with hewn stones; the sycamores are cut down, but cedars will we put in their place.'

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**Who acts:** we · **What happens:** fall, build, hew, cut down, put · **To what, where:** bricks, sycamores, cedars, place

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 9:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:196
# text = 'The bricks are fallen, but we will build with hewn stones; the sycamores are cut down, but cedars will we put in their place.'
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	_
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bricks	brick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	hewn	hew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	sycamores	sycamore	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
19	down	down	ADV	RP	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	cedars	cedar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
23	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present · passive |  | the bricks |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **build** | future | we |  |  |  |  | with hewn stones | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent with stone=Source |
| 3 | **hew** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **cut down** | present · passive |  | the sycamores |  |  |  | down *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 5 | **put** | future | we | cedars |  | sycamores's place |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cedar=Theme in place=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לְבֵנִ֥ים נָפָ֖לוּ וְגָזִ֣ית נִבְנֶ֑ה שִׁקְמִ֣ים גֻּדָּ֔עוּ וַאֲרָזִ֖ים נַחֲלִֽיף׃

[Isaiah 9:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.9.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:196` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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