---
title: Isaiah 9:11 (JPS 1917) — The Arameans on the east, and the Philistines on the west; and they… · tree and pragmatics
description: The Arameans on the east, and the Philistines on the west; and they devour Israel with open mouth. Who acts: Philistines. Isaiah 9:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 9:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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The Arameans on the east, and the Philistines on the west; and they devour Israel with open mouth.

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**Who acts:** Philistines · **What happens:** devour · **To what, where:** Israel

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This is Isaiah 9:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:198
# text = The Arameans on the east, and the Philistines on the west; and they devour Israel with open mouth.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Arameans	aramean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	east	east	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	devour	devour	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **devour** | present | Philistines *= philistine* | Israel |  |  |  | with open mouth | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent israel=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אֲרָ֣ם מִקֶּ֗דֶם וּפְלִשְׁתִּים֙ מֵֽאָח֔וֹר וַיֹּאכְל֥וּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּכָל־פֶּ֑ה בְּכָל־זֹאת֙ לֹא־שָׁ֣ב אַפּ֔וֹ וְע֖וֹד יָד֥וֹ נְטוּיָֽה׃

[Isaiah 9:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.9.11/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **The Arameans on the east, and the Philistines on the west; and they devour Israel with open mouth.**
2. [For all this His anger is not turned away, but His hand is stretched out still.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.199/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:198` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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