---
title: Isaiah 10:16 (JPS 1917) — Therefore will the Lord, the LORD of hosts, send among his fat ones… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore will the Lord, the LORD of hosts, send among his fat ones leanness; and under his glory there shall be kindled a burning like the burning of fire. Who acts: Lord. Isaiah 10:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 10:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore will the Lord, the LORD of hosts, send among his fat ones leanness; and under his glory there shall be kindled a burning like the burning of fire.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lord · **What happens:** send, kindle, glory · **To what, where:** leanness, burning, glory

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This is Isaiah 10:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:232
# text = Therefore will the Lord, the LORD of hosts, send among his fat ones leanness; and under his glory there shall be kindled a burning like the burning of fire.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	among	among	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	fat	fat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
16	leanness	leanness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
19	under	under	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	glory	glory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
22	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	25	expl	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	kindled	kindle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	burning	burning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	like	like	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	burning	burning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | future | the Lord | leanness |  |  |  | among Lord's fat ones; therefore *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leanness=Theme |
| 2 | **kindle** | shall · passive |  | a burning like the burning of fire |  | Lord's glory; there |  |  | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **glory** |  | Lord |  |  |  |  |  | nom glory «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לָ֠כֵן יְשַׁלַּ֨ח הָאָד֜וֹן יְהוָ֧ה צְבָא֛וֹת בְּמִשְׁמַנָּ֖יו רָז֑וֹן וְתַ֧חַת כְּבֹד֛וֹ יֵקַ֥ד יְקֹ֖ד כִּיק֥וֹד אֵֽשׁ׃

[Isaiah 10:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.10.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:232` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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