---
title: Isaiah 10:31 (JPS 1917) — Madmenah is in mad flight; the inhabitants of Gebim flee to cover. · tree and pragmatics
description: Madmenah is in mad flight; the inhabitants of Gebim flee to cover. Who acts: Madmenah, inhabitants. Isaiah 10:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 10:31 · JPS 1917

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Madmenah is in mad flight; the inhabitants of Gebim flee to cover.

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**Who acts:** Madmenah, inhabitants · **What happens:** be, flee, cover · **To what, where:** mad flight

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This is Isaiah 10:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Madmenah, inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:249
# text = Madmenah is in mad flight; the inhabitants of Gebim flee to cover.
1	Madmenah	Madmenah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	mad	mad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Gebim	Gebim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	flee	flee	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Madmenah |  |  | mad flight |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **flee** | present | the inhabitants of Gebim |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cover** | to-infinitive | the inhabitants of Gebim *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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נָדְדָ֖ה מַדְמֵנָ֑ה יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הַגֵּבִ֖ים הֵעִֽיזוּ׃

[Isaiah 10:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.10.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:249` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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