---
title: Isaiah 1:24 (JPS 1917) — Therefore saith the Lord, the LORD of hosts, the Mighty One of Israe… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore saith the Lord, the LORD of hosts, the Mighty One of Israel: Ah, I will ease Me of Mine adversaries, and avenge Me of Mine enemies; Who acts: Lord, I. Isaiah 1:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.25/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/1/) / [1:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.1.24/) / JPS 1

# Isaiah 1:24 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore saith the Lord, the LORD of hosts, the Mighty One of Israel: Ah, I will ease Me of Mine adversaries, and avenge Me of Mine enemies;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lord, I · **What happens:** say, ease, avenge · **To what, where:** Me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 1:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:25
# text = Therefore saith the Lord, the LORD of hosts, the Mighty One of Israel: Ah, I will ease Me of Mine adversaries, and avenge Me of Mine enemies;
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	One	one	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
17	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	21	discourse	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	ease	ease	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
22	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	Mine	mine	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	adversaries	adversary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	avenge	avenge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
29	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	Mine	mine	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Lord |  |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **ease** | future | I | Me |  |  |  | of Mine adversaries | vn free-10.6.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer i=Source of adversary=Theme |
| 3 | **avenge** | infinitive | I *not said here* | Me |  |  |  | of Mine enemies | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לָכֵ֗ן נְאֻ֤ם הָֽאָדוֹן֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֲבִ֖יר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל ה֚וֹי אֶנָּחֵ֣ם מִצָּרַ֔י וְאִנָּקְמָ֖ה מֵאוֹיְבָֽי׃

[Isaiah 1:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.1.24/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:25` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Isaiah 1:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.24/)
- next →: [Isaiah 1:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.26/)
- ↑ back to [Isaiah 1:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.1.24/)