---
title: Isaiah 13:9 (JPS 1917) — Behold, the day of the LORD cometh, cruel, and full of wrath and fie… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, the day of the LORD cometh, cruel, and full of wrath and fierce anger; to make the earth a desolation, and to destroy the sinners thereof out of it, Who acts: day. Isaiah 13:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 13:9 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Behold, the day of the LORD cometh, cruel, and full of wrath and fierce anger; to make the earth a desolation, and to destroy the sinners thereof out of it,

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** day · **What happens:** come, make, destroy · **To what, where:** earth, sinners, desolation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Isaiah 13:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:285
# text = Behold, the day of the LORD cometh, cruel, and full of wrath and fierce anger; to make the earth a desolation, and to destroy the sinners thereof out of it,
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	8	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	cometh	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	wrath	wrath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	fierce	fierce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	desolation	desolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	xcomp	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	sinners	sinner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
32	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
33	out	out	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obl	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | the day of the LORD |  |  |  |  | cruel *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | the day of the LORD *not said here* | the earth |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset earth=Product |
| 3 | **destroy** | to-infinitive | the day of the LORD *not said here* | the sinners |  | desolation |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sinner=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הִנֵּ֤ה יוֹם־יְהוָה֙ בָּ֔א אַכְזָרִ֥י וְעֶבְרָ֖ה וַחֲר֣וֹן אָ֑ף לָשׂ֤וּם הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה וְחַטָּאֶ֖יהָ יַשְׁמִ֥יד מִמֶּֽנָּה׃

[Isaiah 13:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:285` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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