---
title: Isaiah 13:18 (JPS 1917) — And their bows shall dash the young men in pieces; and they shall ha… · tree and pragmatics
description: And their bows shall dash the young men in pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children. Who acts: bows, eye. Isaiah 13:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 13:18 · JPS 1917

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And their bows shall dash the young men in pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children.

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**Who acts:** bows, eye · **What happens:** dash, have, not spare · **To what, where:** young men, pieces, pity, fruit, children

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This is Isaiah 13:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bows, eye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:294
# text = And their bows shall dash the young men in pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	bows	bow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	dash	dash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
16	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	17	det	_	_
17	pity	pity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	womb	womb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
27	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	spare	spare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
30	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dash** | shall | Medes's bows | the young men |  | pieces |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent man=Theme in piece=Trajectory |
| 2 | **have** | shall | bows *= bow* | no pity |  | the fruit of the womb |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pity=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **spare** | shall | Medes's eye | children |  |  |  |  | vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: agent=Agent child=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּקְשָׁת֖וֹת נְעָרִ֣ים תְּרַטַּ֑שְׁנָה וּפְרִי־בֶ֙טֶן֙ לֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔מוּ עַל־בָּנִ֖ים לֹֽא־תָח֥וּס עֵינָֽם׃

[Isaiah 13:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:294` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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