---
title: Isaiah 14:4 (JPS 1917) — that thou shalt take up this parable against the king of Babylon, an… · tree and pragmatics
description: that thou shalt take up this parable against the king of Babylon, and say: How hath the oppressor ceased! the exactress of gold ceased! Who acts: thou, oppressor, exactress. Isaiah 14:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Isaiah 14:4 · JPS 1917

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that thou shalt take up this parable against the king of Babylon, and say: How hath the oppressor ceased! the exactress of gold ceased!

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**Who acts:** thou, oppressor, exactress · **What happens:** take up, say, cease · **To what, where:** parable · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Isaiah 14:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, oppressor, exactress), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ISA:302
# text = that thou shalt take up this parable against the king of Babylon, and say: How hath the oppressor ceased! the exactress of gold ceased!
1	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	parable	parable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	against	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
17	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
18	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	oppressor	oppressor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	ceased	cease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	ccomp	_	_
22	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	exactress	exactress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	ceased	cease	VERB	VBD	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	parataxis	_	_
28	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: exclamation
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take up** | shall | thou | this parable |  |  |  | against the king of Babylon | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent parable=Theme against king=Destination |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **cease** | present · perfect | the oppressor |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **cease** | past | the exactress of gold |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְנָשָׂ֜אתָ הַמָּשָׁ֥ל הַזֶּ֛ה עַל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל וְאָמָ֑רְתָּ אֵ֚יךְ שָׁבַ֣ת נֹגֵ֔שׂ שָׁבְתָ֖ה מַדְהֵבָֽה׃

[Isaiah 14:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ISA:302` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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